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Abstract

Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major problem, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The hospital environment acts as a reservoir of microorganisms that potentially increase the risk of SSIs. This study aims to map the types of environmental contaminating bacteria and their sensitivity patterns to prophylactic antibiotics in surgical and obstetric-gynecological inpatient rooms. This study is descriptive, using a cross-sectional design and purposive sampling. Samples were collected as surface swabs from areas frequently touched by hands, including tables, computers, patient beds, door handles, and medical equipment in surgical and obstetric-gynecological inpatient rooms. Bacterial identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing were performed using the VITEK Compact 2 automated system using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The results showed growth of Sphingomonas paucimobilis in most environmental samples and of Vibrio vulnificus in one sample from the operating room. Antibiotic sensitivity tests showed high resistance to third-generation cephalosporins, namely ceftazidime and ceftriaxone, with sensitivity rates of 0%. Several other antibiotics still showed high sensitivity, but are not recommended as surgical prophylactic antibiotics. This study concludes that the operating room environment and obstetrics and gynecology inpatient care have the potential to serve as reservoirs of resistant bacteria with poor sensitivity to commonly used prophylactic antibiotics. These findings emphasize the importance of routine monitoring of environmental bacteria and evaluation of prophylactic antibiotic policies as part of efforts to prevent nosocomial infections and control antibiotic resistance.

Keywords

Environmental Contaminant Bacteria Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns Prophylactic antibiotics, Operating Room Obstetrics Gynecology

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Author Biographies

Kartika Kusumawardani , Program Studi Magister Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Program Studi Magister Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Nunuk Aries Nurulita, Departemen Kimia Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Banyumas

Departemen Kimia Farmasi, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, Banyumas

Dyah Aryani Perwitasari, Departemen Farmakologi dan Farmasi Klinik, Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Departemen Farmakologi dan Farmasi Klinik, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, Yogyakarta
How to Cite
Kusumawardani , K., Nurulita, N. A., & Perwitasari, D. A. (2026). Bakteri Kontaminan Lingkungan di Ruang Bedah dan Rawat Inap Obstetri Ginekologi di Salah Satu Rumah Sakit Swasta Purwokerto. Borneo Journal of Pharmascientech, 10(2), 366-375. https://doi.org/10.59053/bjp.v10i2.795
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